In this research the effects of irregular Ware,s REFLECTION from the reshaping rubblemound breakwaters were investigated. Reshaping breakwater is a kind of new breakwaters, which its initial profile is changed to a (S) shaped one after impacting of waves. Therefore, the relations related to REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS on conventional breakwaters cannot be used for this type of structure. Method of research was based on Experimental modeling. Experiments were done for multiple cross sections of reshaping breakwaters with three different slopes in the Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI) wave Flume, during 2003 to 2004. The wave flume equipped with a modem DHI wave generation system, which contains paddle, power pack, hardware and software divisions. The hydraulic response that mentioned above, were investigated by changing the wave parameters such as significant wave height, mean and peak wave period and storm duration on the three structure's seaward slopes, equal to 1:1.25, 1:2.0, 1:2.5. JONSWAP wave spectrum was used in all experiments. The Armoure layer materials were included in three grading class (Dn85A/Dn15A=1.14,1.44,1.82) and a Range of structural notional permeability index Pe (1≤D50A/D50C≤20) In order to changing structural geometry, wave properties and comparison between two scales (A = 50,30) , 120 tests were done with 1000 to 6000 waves in this research. At the end, comparisons between the results of different scale factor were done. The experimental results were plotted as graphs showing the REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS versus the surf similarity parameter and deepwater wave steepness. because the Iribarren number does not accurately describe the combined effects of slope and wave steepness, an improved and new fit to data can be achieved using multiple linear regression and nonlinear regression which results in some new empirical equations which has been presented in this research.

One of the main problems in valuation of the operation of floating breakwaters is estimation of the transmission and REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS and because of absence the universal theoretical principles in order to obtain these COEFFICIENTS in any region, investigations have been focused on physical models. In this research program, A.N.Ns (Artificial Neural Networks) has been used as a computational tool in order to estimate the transmission and REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS of the P.F.Bs (pontoon floating breakwaters). The mathematical A.N.N model used in this study, is a MLP (Multi Layer Perception) kind and BP (Back Propagation) algorithm has been used for learning the network. The data from physical model studies of P.F.B are partly used for learning the network and the remained are used to verify the learned network. The different parameters of neural networks including the learning rule, transfer function, number of hidden layers and number of nodes in each layer have been investigated and finally, the optimum network, have been determined.

The analysis of rotational effect on the characteristics of plane waves propagating in a half space of generalized thermo-piezoelectric medium is presented in context of linear theory of thermo-piezoelectricity including Coriolis and centrifugal forces. The governing equations for a rotating generalized thermo-piezoelectric medium are formulated and solved for plane wave solutions to show the propagation of three quasi plane waves in the medium. A problem on the REFLECTION of these plane waves is considered from a thermally insulated/isothermal boundary of a rotating generalized thermo-piezoelectric solid half space. The expressions for REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS of three reflected waves are obtained in explicit from. For experimental data of LiNbO3 and BaTiO3, the speeds of various plane waves are computed. The REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS of various reflected waves are also obtained numerically by using the data of BaTiO3. The dependence of speeds of plane waves and REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS of various reflected waves is shown graphically on the rotation parameter at each angle of incidence.

In this paper, we attempt to express equations for sound REFLECTION and scattering coefficient from surface and bottom. We used two scales model (TSM) in modeling of the ocean surface scattering coefficient. In this model, the seas spectrum is divided into large scale and small scale parts. The large scale part forms the main lobe of the scattering index. The small scale part forms a halo and defines the backscattering. Hence, equations 12, 14, 15, and 16 will be defining as REFLECTION and scattering COEFFICIENTS from sea surface and REFLECTION and scattering COEFFICIENTS from bottom respectively.

2Various researches have shown that Iran's educational system does not pay enough attention to cultural differences and mostly promotes the dominant and official national culture in an engineered way. The focus of these researches has been focused on the inputs of the educational system. The current research, relying on the mixed exploratory method, tried to examine both the inputs and educational processes in order to test the truth of this claim, whether such a claim is consistent with the reality in the educational system. In this way, in the qualitative part, first the teachers' lived experiences of the criteria that were considered for their selection and employment were analyzed (inputs), and then in the quantitative part, the teacher's success in the classroom was analyzed. It was predicted based on the mentioned criteria (processes). The findings of this research showed that scientific identity and ideological identity are valued in the recruitment of teachers, and because of this, criteria such as personal success, special privileges, and religious and moral foundations are put forward. However, it is only the teacher's personal success that can predict his success in the classroom. This shows that the ideological identity is only manifested in the inputs and is practically not institutionalized in the classroom and teaching processes. In this way, considering Iran's educational system as ideological does not match the realities of the educational system.

Pipelines are very important in the oil and gas industries and due to their high cost of construction, they are considered as a national asset in Iran. Erosion is known to be one of the most important pipelines damages that leads to the reduction of pipe thickness. Reduction in thickness causes more stress to be concentrated in the pipelines and failure occurs more easily. Ultrasonic tests are one of the methods used to inspect pipelines. Among various ultrasonic testing techniques, Lamb waves have a special place due to their low attenuation. However, the complex behavior of these waves in structures of variable thickness makes it difficult to interpret the data obtained from a test. In this paper, two-dimensional finite element modeling of the behavior of these waves is carried out and the transmission and REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS in the presence of thickness variations are verified. The results of the study of the effect of changing the erosion depth on the transmitting and reflecting signals indicate that by using Lamb waves, changes in the thickness of a pipe can be monitored. Moreover, the study of changes in the frequency of the signal sent to the plate shows that in some frequency ranges, the S0 mode shows little sensitivity to changes in thickness. Therefore, the choice of the test frequency in Lamb waves testing is an important step in determining the condition of the structure.

In this study with the help of master curves of dipping beds, we try to find the dip of the layer and its elongation on depth. This study has helped us to choose best place for geotechnical borehole logging. Of course, we know that these master curves could not answer our question for depth more than about 60 meters.The further correction will be made with the help of geological data, since available curves are suitable for homogeneous and isotropic Earth. These curves will be used for dipping layer with dip angle more than 20°.Early curves were calculated for two dipping layers. The best results were found when REFLECTION coefficient is 1 and -1.In this study we try to use these curves in the field. The field is Shorbulagh village near Karaj city for Dam construction. In this site there are three layers with 43° dip angle, sandstone and mudstone with REFLECTION coefficient about -0.94. Four soundings were done with Schlumberger array, and the curves interpreted and the errors were shown.

The behavior of a one-dimensional plasma photonic crystal in exposure to electromagnetic waves is investigated in this paper. This photonic crystal consists of alternating layers of dielectric and plasma which are exposed to an external fixed magnetic field. The magnetic behavior of a one-dimensional plasma photonic crystal in exposure to electromagnetic waves is investigated in this paper. This photonic crystal consists of alternating layers of dielectric and plasma which are exposed to an external fixed magnetic field. The magnetic field is placed in the direction perpendicular to the layers, and the incidentwave on the photonic crystal will be obliquely and at an angle of . The incident linear wave passing through the magnetized plasma layer is separated into two categories of right-handed and left-handed circular polarization, which is caused by the difference in the speed of the right-handed and left-handed waves in the direction of the magnetic field. We consider the plasma to be a weakly ionized cold approximation and the effects of the collision of electrons and plasma molecules as a dissipation effect that absorbs part of the wave energy, is included in the calculations. We will investigate the effect of magnetic field intensity, collision frequency, dielectric permittivity and incident angle of radiation wave on the structure of the photon band, REFLECTION and absorption COEFFICIENTS. Plasma photonic crystal, Magnetized plasma, Right-handed circular polarization, transfer matrix, Collision frequency, Photonic band structure, Photonic band structure, REFLECTION coefficient.